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Prefrontal overactivation, autonomic arousal, and task performance under evaluative pressure: A near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) study
Author(s) -
Ito Hiroyuki,
Yamauchi Hoshiko,
Kaneko Hitoshi,
Yoshikawa Toru,
Nomura Kenji,
Honjo Shuji
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
psychophysiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.661
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1469-8986
pISSN - 0048-5772
DOI - 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2011.01220.x
Subject(s) - psychology , arousal , task (project management) , prefrontal cortex , cognitive psychology , correlation , audiology , developmental psychology , neuroscience , cognition , medicine , geometry , management , mathematics , economics
To study the mechanism underlying the influence of psychological pressure on task performance, we investigated the relationship between prefrontal activation, autonomic arousal, and performance in an n ‐back working memory task with 3 load levels (l‐, 2‐, and 3‐back tasks) under evaluative pressure. The tasks were performed by 32 university students with or without evaluative observation by experimenters. The error rate and prefrontal activation were found to increase with pressure only in the highest load task (3‐back). In contrast, autonomic arousal increased with pressure regardless of the task condition. Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation of the error rate with prefrontal activation in the 3‐back task and no consistent correlation with autonomic arousal. We concluded that the inhibitory effect of evaluative pressure on task performance is mediated by prefrontal overactivation rather than autonomic arousal.