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Effect of 7 yr of experimental drought on vegetation dynamics and biomass storage of an eastern Amazonian rainforest
Author(s) -
da Costa Antonio Carlos Lola,
Galbraith David,
Almeida Samuel,
Portela Bruno Takeshi Tanaka,
da Costa Mauricio,
de Athaydes Silva Junior João,
Braga Alan P.,
de Gonçalves Paulo H. L.,
de Oliveira Alex AR,
Fisher Rosie,
Phillips Oliver L.,
Metcalfe Daniel B.,
Levy Peter,
Meir Patrick
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03309.x
Subject(s) - amazonian , amazon rainforest , rainforest , throughfall , environmental science , biomass (ecology) , diameter at breast height , forestry , vegetation (pathology) , climate change , forest dynamics , ecology , geography , biology , soil water , soil science , medicine , pathology
Summary• At least one climate model predicts severe reductions of rainfall over Amazonia during this century. Long‐term throughfall exclusion (TFE) experiments represent the best available means to investigate the resilience of the Amazon rainforest to such droughts. • Results are presented from a 7 yr TFE study at Caxiuanã National Forest, eastern Amazonia. We focus on the impacts of the drought on tree mortality, wood production and above‐ground biomass. • Tree mortality in the TFE plot over the experimental period was 2.5% yr −1 , compared with 1.25% yr −1 in a nearby control plot experiencing normal rainfall. Differences in stem mortality between plots were greatest in the largest (> 40 cm diameter at breast height (dbh)) size class (4.1% yr −1 in the TFE and 1.4% yr −1 in the control). Wood production in the TFE plot was c. 30% lower than in the control plot. Together, these changes resulted in a loss of 37.8 ± 2.0 Mg carbon (C) ha −1 in the TFE plot (2002–2008), compared with no change in the control. • These results are remarkably consistent with those from another TFE (at Tapajós National Forest), suggesting that eastern Amazonian forests may respond to prolonged drought in a predictable manner.