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Radiative evolution of polyploid races of the Iberian carnation Dianthus broteri (Caryophyllaceae)
Author(s) -
Balao Francisco,
Valente Luis M.,
Vargas Pablo,
Herrera Javier,
Talavera Salvador
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03280.x
Subject(s) - biology , polyploid , amplified fragment length polymorphism , evolutionary biology , lineage (genetic) , chloroplast dna , concerted evolution , plant evolution , gene flow , population , ploidy , botany , genetics , phylogenetics , genome , genetic variation , gene , demography , sociology , genetic diversity
Summary• The micro‐evolutionary mechanisms that drive large‐scale radiations are not completely understood, partly because of a shortage of population‐level studies aimed at identifying putative causes of rapid evolutionary change. The Dianthus broteri complex, representing the largest polyploid series known to date for any species in the genus (2×, 4×, 6× and 12× cytotypes), belongs to a lineage that was recently found to have diversified at unusually rapid rates. • We used a combination of genome sequencing (internal transcribed spacer (ITS), plus chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) regions trn H‐psbA, psbA‐trnK and trnK‐matK ) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting in 25 populations to infer the evolutionary history of extant polyploid races. • The haplotype, ribotype and AFLP reconstructions showed a star‐shaped arrangement suggesting a pattern of radiative evolution. The major, widespread haplotype occurred at all ploidy levels, whereas 20 minor haplotypes were restricted to single populations and cytotypes. In addition, AFLP analyses retrieved well‐supported cytogeographic groups: six clades were clearly differentiated in terms of ploidy level and geography. Molecular data indicate that gene flow among different cytotypes is rare or nonexistent. • Our study supports a scenario of rapid diversification in carnations in which autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy, in interaction with geography and/or isolation, have played prominent roles.