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Elevated CO 2 induces physiological, biochemical and structural changes in leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana
Author(s) -
Teng Nianjun,
Wang Jian,
Chen Tong,
Wu Xiaoqin,
Wang Yuhua,
Lin Jinxing
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01818.x
Subject(s) - arabidopsis thaliana , stomatal conductance , transpiration , chloroplast , abscisic acid , thylakoid , photosynthesis , chlorophyll , ultrastructure , biology , chemistry , botany , starch , horticulture , biochemistry , gene , mutant
Summary• Leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana grown under elevated or ambient CO 2 (700 or 370 µmol mol −1 , respectively) were examined for physiological, biochemical and structural changes. • Stomatal characters, carbohydrate and mineral nutrient concentrations, leaf ultrastructure and plant hormone content were investigated using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). • Elevated CO 2 reduced the stomatal density and stomatal index of leaves, and also reduced stomatal conductance and transpiration rate. Elevated CO 2 increased chloroplast number, width and profile area, and starch grain size and number, but reduced the number of grana thylakoid membranes. Under elevated CO 2 , the concentrations of carbohydrates and plant hormones, with the exception of abscisic acid, increased whereas mineral nutrient concentrations declined. • These results suggest that the changes in chloroplast ultrastructure may primarily be a consequence of increased starch accumulation. Accelerated A. thaliana growth and development in elevated CO 2 could in part be attributed to increased foliar concentrations of plant hormones. The reductions in mineral nutrient concentrations may be a result of dilution by increased concentrations of carbohydrates and also of decreases in stomatal conductance and transpiration rate.