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Genome‐wide analysis of the structural genes regulating defense phenylpropanoid metabolism in Populus
Author(s) -
Tsai ChungJui,
Harding Scott A.,
Tschaplinski Timothy J.,
Lindroth Richard L.,
Yuan Yinan
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01798.x
Subject(s) - phenylpropanoid , flavonoid biosynthesis , gene , biology , secondary metabolism , populus trichocarpa , metabolic pathway , arabidopsis , gene family , flavonoid , biochemistry , genome , function (biology) , botany , gene expression , biosynthesis , genetics , transcriptome , mutant , antioxidant
Summary• Salicin‐based phenolic glycosides, hydroxycinnamate derivatives and flavonoid‐derived condensed tannins comprise up to one‐third of Populus leaf dry mass. Genes regulating the abundance and chemical diversity of these substances have not been comprehensively analysed in tree species exhibiting this metabolically demanding level of phenolic metabolism. • Here, shikimate‐phenylpropanoid pathway genes thought to give rise to these phenolic products were annotated from the Populus genome, their expression assessed by semiquantitative or quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and metabolic evidence for function presented. • Unlike Arabidopsis , Populus leaves accumulate an array of hydroxycinnamoyl‐quinate esters, which is consistent with broadened function of the expanded hydroxycinnamoyl‐CoA transferase gene family. Greater flavonoid pathway diversity is also represented, and flavonoid gene families are larger. Consistent with expanded pathway function, most of these genes were upregulated during wound‐stimulated condensed tannin synthesis in leaves. • The suite of Populus genes regulating phenylpropanoid product accumulation should have important application in managing phenolic carbon pools in relation to climate change and global carbon cycling.