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Nickel hyperaccumulation as an elemental defense of Streptanthus polygaloides (Brassicaceae): influence of herbivore feeding mode
Author(s) -
Jhee Edward M.,
Boyd Robert S.,
Eubanks Micky D.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01504.x
Subject(s) - biology , herbivore , grasshopper , botany , population , aphid , frass , greenhouse whitefly , malpighian tubule system , trialeurodes , homoptera , ecology , lepidoptera genitalia , pest analysis , midgut , larva , demography , sociology
Summary• No study of a single nickel (Ni) hyperaccumulator species has investigated the impact of hyperaccumulation on herbivores representing a variety of feeding modes. • Streptanthus polygaloides plants were grown on high‐ or low‐Ni soils and a series of no‐choice and choice feeding experiments was conducted using eight arthropod herbivores. Herbivores used were two leaf‐chewing folivores (the grasshopper Melanoplus femurrubrum and the lepidopteran Evergestis rimosalis ), a dipteran rhizovore (the cabbage maggot Delia radicum ), a xylem‐feeder (the spittlebug Philaenus spumarius ), two phloem‐feeders (the aphid, Lipaphis erysimi and the spidermite Trialeurodes vaporariorum ) and two cell‐disruptors (the bug Lygus lineolaris and the whitefly Tetranychus urticae ). • Hyperaccumulated Ni significantly decreased survival of the leaf‐chewers and rhizovore, and significantly reduced population growth of the whitefly cell‐disruptor. However, vascular tissue‐feeding insects were unaffected by hyperaccumulated Ni, as was the bug cell‐disruptor. • We conclude that Ni can defend against tissue‐chewing herbivores but is ineffective against vascular tissue‐feeding herbivores. The effects of Ni on cell‐disruptors varies, as a result of either variation of insect Ni sensitivity or the location of Ni in S. polygaloides cells and tissues.