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THE BREAKDOWN OF PARAQUAT AND DIQUAT BY SOIL FUNGI
Author(s) -
SMITH S. N.,
LYON A. J. E.,
SAHID ISMAIL BIN
Publication year - 1976
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1976.tb04668.x
Subject(s) - diquat , paraquat , aspergillus niger , intracellular , penicillium , biology , aspergillus , flavin group , botany , mucor , chemistry , food science , biochemistry , enzyme
S ummaryMucor hiemalis, Zygorhynchus heterogamous, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium frequentans were incubated in media containing either [methyl‐ 14 C] paraquat or [ethylene‐ 14 C] diquat. Aspergillus niger liberated 14 CO 2 from both herbicides and Penicillium frequentans only from paraquat. Mucor hiemalis and Zygorhynchus heterogamous were unable to release 14 CO 2 from either. Those species able to degrade paraquat or diquat have correspondingly low intracellular levels of the herbicides and are able to tolerate high concentrations in the medium. By contrast, species unable to break them down are characterized by high intracellular levels and by their inability to grow at low concentrations. Tolerance to these herbicides appears to be the result of an ability to degrade them.