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Cortical spreading depression in the gyrencephalic feline brain studied by magnetic resonance imaging
Author(s) -
James Michael F.,
Smith Martin I.,
Bockhorst Kurt H. J.,
Hall Laurance D.,
Houston Gavin C.,
Papadakis Nikolaos G.,
Smith Justin M.,
Williams Emma J.,
Xing Da,
Parsons Andrew A.,
Huang Christopher L.H.,
Carpenter T. Adrian
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
the journal of physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.802
H-Index - 240
eISSN - 1469-7793
pISSN - 0022-3751
DOI - 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1999.0415m.x
Subject(s) - cortical spreading depression , gyrus , nuclear magnetic resonance , magnetic resonance imaging , physics , neuroscience , medicine , psychology , migraine , radiology
1 Time‐lapse diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) was used to detect and characterize complex waves of cortical spreading depression (CSD) evoked with KCl placed upon the suprasylvian gyrus of anaesthetized cats. 2 The time‐lapse representations successfully demonstrated primary CSD waves that propagated with elliptical wavefronts selectively over the ipsilateral cerebral hemispheres with a velocity of 3.8 ± 0.70 mm min −1 (mean ± s.e.m. of 5 experiments). 3 In contrast, the succeeding secondary waves often remained within the originating gyrus, were slower (velocity 2.0 ± 0.18 mm min −1 ), more fragmented and varied in number. 4 Computed traces of the apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) showed negative deflections followed by monotonic decays (amplitudes: primary wave, ‐19.9 ± 2.8 %; subsequent waves, ‐13.6 ± 1.9 %; duration at half‐maximal decay, 150‐200 s) when determined from regions of interest (ROIs) through which both primary and succeeding CSD waves propagated. 5 The passage of both the primary and the succeeding waves often correlated with transient DC potential deflections recorded from the suprasylvian gyrus. 6 The detailed waveforms of the ADC and the T 2 *‐weighted (blood oxygenation level‐dependent: BOLD) traces showed a clear reciprocal correlation. These imaging features that reflect disturbances in cellular water balance agree closely with BOLD measurements that followed the propagation velocities of the first and subsequent CSD events. They also provide a close physiological correlate for clinical observations of cortical blood flow disturbances associated with human migraine.