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Event rate and event‐related potentials in ADHD
Author(s) -
Wiersema Roeljan,
Van Der Meere Jaap,
Roeyers Herbert,
Van, Coster Rudy,
Baeyens Dieter
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of child psychology and psychiatry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.652
H-Index - 211
eISSN - 1469-7610
pISSN - 0021-9630
DOI - 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01592.x
Subject(s) - psychology , event related potential , stimulus (psychology) , cognition , attention deficit hyperactivity disorder , audiology , association (psychology) , developmental psychology , continuous performance task , conduct disorder , cognitive psychology , neuroscience , clinical psychology , medicine , psychotherapist
Background: It has been repeatedly found that performance of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is more impaired when a long inter‐stimulus interval (ISI) is used than when a short ISI is used. According to the cognitive‐energetic model, this may reflect difficulty in remaining in an optimal motor activation state because of insufficient effort allocation. Method: Event‐related potentials (ERPs) were evaluated during a Go/No‐Go task that incorporates a condition with a fast and a slow presentation rate. Results: ADHD, whether or not comorbid with oppositional defiant/conduct disorder (ODD/CD), was associated with a steeper increase in reaction time (RT) from the fast to the slow condition accompanied by a missing increment of the parietal P3. Speed of responding was found to be correlated with P3 amplitude. In the fast condition, children with ADHD made more errors of commission, accompanied by a smaller No‐Go N2, a component thought to be related to inhibition; however, after controlling for ODD/CD these differences disappeared. Conclusions: The association between the steeper increase in RT and reduced parietal P3s may indicate that the children with ADHD did not allocate enough extra effort to adjust to a potentially under‐activated state. However, the event rate effects could not account for all of the differences between groups and also early automatic information processing stages seem disturbed in this disorder as indexed by larger P2 amplitudes. Alternative explanations are discussed.