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Acne‐associated syndromes: models for better understanding of acne pathogenesis
Author(s) -
Chen W,
ObermayerPietsch B,
Hong JB,
Melnik BC,
Yamasaki O,
Dessinioti C,
Ju Q,
Liakou AI,
AlKhuzaei S,
Katsambas A,
Ring J,
Zouboulis CC
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of the european academy of dermatology and venereology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.655
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1468-3083
pISSN - 0926-9959
DOI - 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03937.x
Subject(s) - acne , medicine , hyperandrogenism , acanthosis nigricans , sapho syndrome , dermatology , hirsutism , pyoderma gangrenosum , pathogenesis , polycystic ovary , hidradenitis suppurativa , pathology , synovitis , pustulosis , insulin resistance , arthritis , endocrinology , diabetes mellitus , disease
Acne, one of the most common skin disorders, is also a cardinal component of many systemic diseases or syndromes. Their association illustrates the nature of these diseases and is indicative of the pathogenesis of acne. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and seborrhoea‐acne‐hirsutism‐androgenetic alopecia (SAHA) syndrome highlight the role of androgen steroids, while polycystic ovary (PCO) and hyperandrogenism‐insulin resistance‐acanthosis nigricans (HAIR‐AN) syndromes indicate insulin resistance in acne. Apert syndrome with increased fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 ( FGFR2 ) signalling results in follicular hyperkeratinization and sebaceous gland hypertrophy in acne. Synovitis‐acne‐pustulosis‐hyperostosis‐osteitis (SAPHO) and pyogenic arthritis‐pyoderma gangrenosum‐acne (PAPA) syndromes highlight the attributes of inflammation to acne formation. Advances in the understanding of the manifestation and molecular mechanisms of these syndromes will help to clarify acne pathogenesis and develop novel therapeutic modalities.