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A global survey of the role of ultraviolet radiation and hormonal influences in the development of melasma
Author(s) -
Ortonne JP,
Arellano I,
Berneburg M,
Cestari T,
Chan H,
Grimes P,
Hexsel D,
Im S,
Lim J,
Lui H,
Pandya A,
Picardo M,
Rendon M,
Taylor S,
Van Der Veen JPW,
Westerhof W
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of the european academy of dermatology and venereology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.655
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1468-3083
pISSN - 0926-9959
DOI - 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2009.03295.x
Subject(s) - melasma , medicine , pregnancy , family history , dermatology , pediatrics , genetics , biology
It has been generally believed that the four main causes of melasma are pregnancy, hormonal contraception, family history and sun exposure; however, there are few published comprehensive studies that confirm these assertions. The Pigmentary Disorders Academy - an international group of experts in pigmentary disorders - designed and conducted a global survey of women to investigate the effect of these factors on onset and chronicity of melasma and the course of the disease in order to gain a better understanding of the causative factors associated with this disorder, with a particular focus on hormonal factors and UV exposure in females.