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CD28 T‐cell costimulatory molecule expression in pemphigus vulgaris
Author(s) -
Alecu M,
Ursaciuc C,
Surcel M,
Coman G,
Ciotaru D,
Dobre M
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of the european academy of dermatology and venereology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.655
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1468-3083
pISSN - 0926-9959
DOI - 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2008.03035.x
Subject(s) - cd28 , cd8 , medicine , t cell , immunology , immune system , cytotoxic t cell , interleukin 21 , pemphigus vulgaris , t lymphocyte , biology , in vitro , biochemistry
Background CD28 superfamily of immune costimulatory molecules could play an important role in autotolerance control. CD28 costimulation seems to be necessary for regulatory T cell (Treg) activation and successive suppressive activities involved in autoimmunity protection. This study investigates CD28 expression, especially inducible costimulator fraction, on T lymphocytes in pemphigus vulgaris (PV) patients. Methods CD28 expression on T lymphocytes was assessed in 16 PV patients during acute attack. All patients and 10 healthy control subjects were tested for lymphocyte populations, T‐cell subpopulations (T‐CD4 + , T‐CD8 + ), Treg and CD28 expression on T‐cell subpopulations. Results T, B and natural killer cells average values in PV patients were close to the control group values. Compared with control group, PV values showed lower Treg (2.2% compared with 4.7%), slightly decreased CD4 + CD28 + T cells (91% compared with 95%), higher CD4 + CD28 − T cells (9% compared with 5%), decreased CD8 + CD28 + T cells (57% and 73%, respectively) and significantly enhanced CD8 + CD28 − T cells (43% compared with 27%). Conclusions These data suggest that Treg‐mediated suppressor T‐cell effects could be diminished in PV, together with an abnormal or ineffective subsequent helper T‐cell suppression. CD28 high expression on helper T cells and low expression on suppressor T cells are arguments for a potential CD28 role in PV autoimmune response mechanism. Conflicts of interest None declared