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Deal or No Deal, That is the Question: The Impact of Increasing Stakes and Framing Effects on Decision‐Making under Risk
Author(s) -
BROOKS ROBERT,
FAFF ROBERT,
MULINO DANIEL,
SCHEELINGS RICHARD
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
international review of finance
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.489
H-Index - 18
eISSN - 1468-2443
pISSN - 1369-412X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1468-2443.2009.01084.x
Subject(s) - framing (construction) , framing effect , risk aversion (psychology) , economics , loss aversion , actuarial science , social psychology , psychology , microeconomics , expected utility hypothesis , financial economics , structural engineering , engineering , persuasion
In this paper, we utilize data from the Australian version of the TV game show, ‘Deal or No Deal’, to explore risk aversion in a high real stakes setting. An attractive feature of this version of the game is that supplementary rounds may occur which switch the decision frame of players. There are four main findings. First, we observe that the degree of risk aversion generally increases with stakes. Second, we observe considerable heterogeneity in people's willingness to bear risk – even at very high stakes. Third, we find that age and gender are statistically significant determinants of risk aversion, while wealth is not. Fourth, we find that the reversal of framing does have a significant impact on people's willingness to bear risk.