REVIEWS AND SHORT NOTICES

Book reviewed in this article: THE HUTCHINSON HISTORY OF THE WORLD. By J. M. Roberts. GENERAL: History of mankind: cultural and scientihc development, volume v: the nineteenth century, 1775–1905. Edited by Charles Morazé. GENERAL: jules michelet: nature, history and language. By Linda Orr. GENERAL: causal explanation and model building in history, economics and the new economic history. By Peter D. McClelland. GENERAL: making sense of history: the philosophies of popper and collingwood. By Peter Skagestad. GENERAL: histoire et historiens: une mutation idéologique des historiens français, c‐1885. By Charles‐Olivier Carbonell. GENERAL: art and am: on causes in history—manet, gropius, mondrlan. By Peter Gay. GENERAL: the future of history. Edited by Charles F. Delzell. GENERAL: population: analysis and models. By Louis Henry GENERAL: A SOCIAL history OF medicine. By Frederick F. Cartwright. GENERAL: the history of childgood. Edited by Lloyd de Mause. GENERAL: history of classical scholarship, 1300–1850. By Rudolf Pfeiffer. GENERAL: enlightenment and despair: A history of sociology. By Geoffrey Hawthorn. GENERAL: auschwitz: beginning of a new era? reflections on the holocaust. Edited by Eva Fleischner. GENERAL: the history of the romanian people. Edited by Andrei Otetea. GENERAL: germany: a short history. By Donald s. Detwiler. GENERAL: why switzerland? By Jonathan Steinberg. GENERAL: geschichte und politische wissenschaft: festschrift für erich gruner. Edited by B. Junker, P. Gilg and R. Reich. GENERAL: an introduction to russian history (‘companion to russian studies 1’). Edited by Robert Auty and Dmitri Obolensky. GENERAL: war in european history. By Michael Howard. GENERAL: the war generation: veterans of the first world war. GENERAL: the rise and fall of british naval mastery. By Paul M. Kennedy. GENERAL: LIVERPOOL, the african slave trade, and abolition. Edited by Roger Anstey and P. E. H. Hair. GENERAL: the banyan tree: overseas emigrants from india, pakistan, and bangladesh. By Hugh Tinker. GENERAL: the baltic exchange: the history of a unique market. By Hugh Barty‐King. GENERAL: britain and america: a comparative economic history, 1850–1939. By Graeme M. Holmes. GENERAL: guide international d'histoire ureaine, vol. 1: europe. Edited by Philippe Wolff. GENERAL: british economic and social history: a bibliographical guide. By W. H. Chaloner and R. C. Richardson. GENERAL: the british insurance business 1547–1970: an introducxion and guide to historical records in the united kingdom. By H. A. L. GENERAL: pressure groups in britain 1720–1970: an essay in interpretation with original documents. By Graham Wootton. GENERAL: the west fields of cambridge. Edited by Catherine P. Hall and J. R. Ravensdale. GENERAL: farms, farmers and society. By G. E. Fussell. GENERAL: family and inheritance: rural society in western europe, 1200–1800. Edited by J. Goody, J. cand E. P. Thompson. GENERAL: production and reproduciion: a comparative study of the domestic domain. By Jack Goody. GENERAL: the central records of the church of england: a report and survey presented to the pilgrim and radcliffe trustees. GENERAL: the dissenting tradition: essays to leland h. carlson. Edited by c. R. Cole and M. E. Moody. GENERAL: scottish themesd: essays in honour of professor s. g. e. lythe. Edited by John Butt and J. T. Ward. GENERAL: scotland and nationalism: scottish society and politics, 1707–1977. By Christopher Harvie. GENERAL: the land remembers: a view of wales. By Gwyn Williams. GENERAL: victoria history of the county of middlesex, volume v. Edited by T. F. T. Baker. GENERAL: victoria history of the county of york: east riding, volume ii. Edited by K. J. Allison. GENERAL: tradition in action: the historical evolution of the greater manchester county. By N. J. Frangopulo. GENERAL: teaching local history. By W. B. Stephens. GENERAL: local history and folklore: A new framework. By Charles Phythian‐Adams. GENERAL: the evil eye. Edited by Clarence Maloney. GENERAL: mass society and political conflict: towards a reconstruction of theory. By Sandor Halebsky. GENERAL: on trotskyism: problems of theory and history. By Kostas Mavrakis. GENERAL: why marxism? the continuing success of a failed theory. By Robert G. Wesson. MEDIEVAL: the jutish forest: a study of the weald of kent from 450 TO 1380 A.D. By K. P. Witney. MEDIEVAL: the archaeology of anglo‐saxon england. Edited by D. M. Wilson. MEDIEVAL: the framework of anglo‐saxon history to a.d. 900. By Kenneth Harrison. MEDIEVAL: the medieval church of st. andrews. Edited by David McRoberts. MEDIEVAL: domesday book. volume 12: hertfordshire. volume 24: staffordshire. Edited by John Morris from a draft prepared by Margaret Newman and Sara Wood (Volume 12) and by Alison Hawkins and Alex Rumble (Volume 24). MEDIEVAL: the reign of charlemagne: documents on carolingian government and administration. Edited by H. R. Loyn and John Percival. MEDIEVAL: the norman empire. By John Le Patourel. MEDIEVAL: the normans and their myth. By R. H. C. Davis. MEDIEVAL: the norman fate 1100–1154. By David C. Douglas. MEDIEVAL: what were the crusades? By Jonathan Riley‐Smith. MEDIEVAL: order and innovation in the middle ages : essays in honor of joseph r. strayer. Edited by William C. Jordan. MEDIEVAL: the two italies: economic relations between the norman kingdom of sicily and the northern communes. By David Abulafia. MEDIEVAL: joachim of fiore and the prophetic future. By Marjorie Reeves. MEDIEVAL: the spanish kingdoms 1250–1516, volume i: 1250–1410, precarious balance. By J. N. Hillgarth. MEDIEVAL: the kingdom of naples under alfonso the magnanimous: the making of A modern state. By Alan Ryder. MEDIEVAL: education in the west of england 1066–1548. By Nicholas Orme. MEDIEVAL: beaulieu, king johns abbey: a history of beaulieu abbey, hampshire, 1204–1538. By Dom Frederick Hockey. MEDIEVAL: fouke le fitz waryn. Edited by E. J. Hathaway, P. T. Ricketts, C. A. Robson and A. D. Wilshere. MEDIEVAL: paston letters and papers of the fifteenth century, part ii. Edited by Norman Davis. MEDIEVAL: the southampton terrier of 1454. Edited by L. A. Burgess. EARLY MODERN: A history of gold and money, 1450–1920. By Pierre Vilar. EARLY MODERN: the courts of europe: politics, patronage and royalty, 1400–1800. Edited by A. G. Dickens. EARLY MODERN: church and people 1450–1660: the triumph of the laity in the english church. By Claire Cross. EARLY MODERN: the proclamations of the tudor kings. By R. W. Heinze. EARLY MODERN: the proclamations of the tudor queens. By F. A. Youngs. EARLY MODERN: the king's council in the reign of edward vi. By D. E. Hoak. EARLY MODERN: the politics of stability: a portrait of the rulers in elizabethan london. By Frank Freeman Foster. EARLY MODERN: HMC salisbury (CECIL) mss. Edited by G. Dyfnallt Owen. EARLY MODERN: zwingli. By G. R. Potter. Cambridge University Press. EARLY MODERN: the religions of the people in sixteenth‐century champagne. By A. N. Galpern. EARLY MODERN: princes and artists: patronage and ideology at four habsburg courts, 1517–1633. By H. Trevor‐Roper. EARLY MODERN: war and government in habsburg spain 1560–1620. By I. A. A. Thompson. EARLY MODERN: the dutch revolt. By Geoffrey Parker. EARLY MODERN: traders, artists, burghers: a cultural history of amsterdam in the seventeenth century. By Deric Regin. EARLY MODERN: wallenstein: his life narrated by golo mann. Translated by Charles Kessler. EARLY MODERN: the handle and the axe: the catholic recusants in england form reformation to emancipation. By J. H. C. Aveling. EARLY MODERN: the diary of ralph josselin 1616–1683. Edited by Alan Macfarlane. EARLY MODERN: politics and religion during the english revolution. EARLY MODERN: general monck. By Maurice Ashley. EARLY MODERN: reason, ridicule and religion: the age of enlightenment in england 1660–1750. By John Redwood. EARLY MODERN: poems on affairs of state: augustan satirical verse, 1660–1714 volume VII: 1704–1714. Edited by Frank H. Ellis. EARLY MODERN: servants of the sword: french intend ants of the army, 1630–70. By Douglas Clark Baxter. EARLY MODERN: armand‐jean de rané, abbot of la trappe: his influence in the cloister and the world. By A. J. Krailsheimer. EARLY MODERN: poverty and charity in aix‐en‐provence, 164G.1789. By Cissie c. Fairchilds. EARLY MODERN: the origins of physiocracy: economic revolution and social order in eighteenth‐century france. By Elizabeth Fox‐Genovese. EARLY MODERN: the barristers of toulouse in the eighteenth century (1740–1793). By Lenard R. Berlanstein. EARLY MODERN: the parlement of bordeaux and the end of the old regime 1771–1790. By William Doyle. EARLY MODERN: the manning of the royal navy: selected public pamphlets 1693–1873. Edited by J. S. Bromley. EARLY MODERN: the british army of the eighteenth century. By H. C. B. Rogers. EARLY MODERN: scotland, europe and the american revolution. Edited by Owen Dudley Edwards and George Shepperson. EARLY MODERN: the scottish enlightenment: a social history. By Anand C. Chitnis. LATE MODERN: later english broadside ballads. Edited by John Holloway and Joan Black. LATE MODERN: A TOUCH ON THE TIMES: SONGS OF SOCIAL CHANGE, 1770–1914. Edited by Roy Palmer. LATE MODERN: the industrial MUSE. By Martha Vicinus. LATE MODERN: cholera 1832. By R. J. Morris. LATE MODERN: the new poor law in the nineteenth century. Edited by Derek Fraser. LATE MODERN: early victorian methodism: the correspondence of jabez bunting, 1830–1658. Edited by W. R. Ward. LATE MODERN: the politics of deference: a study of the mid‐nineteenth century english political system. By David Cresap Moore. LATE MODERN: the making of manchester jewry 1740–1875. By Bill Williams. LATE MODERN: bristol and its municipal government 1820–1851. By Graham Bush. LATE MODERN: the labour aristocracy in victorian edinburgh. By Robert Q. Gray. LATE MODERN: the mind and art of victorian england. Edited by Josef L. Altholz. LATE MODERN: victorian panorama: paintings of victorian life. By Christopher Wood. LATE MODERN: john stuart mill. By R. J. Holliday. LATE MODERN: reform in the royal navy: a social history of the lower deck, 1850 TO 1880. By Eugene L. Rasor. LATE MODERN: the origins of the popular press in england, 1855–1914. By Alan J. Lee. LATE MODERN: leisure and the changing city, 1870–1914. By H. E. Meller. LATE MODERN: religion and voluntary organisations in crisis. By Stephen Yeo. LATE MODERN: dictionary of labour biography, vol. III. Edited by Joyce M. Bellamy and John Saville. LATE MODERN: LATE MODERN the making of lloyd george. By W. R. P. George. LATE MODERN: bounder from wales: lloyd george's career before the first world war. By Don M. Cregier. LATE MODERN: the abolition of war: the ‘peace movement in britain’, 1914–1919. By Keith Robbins. LATE MODERN: the education act, 1918. By Lawrence Andrews. LATE MODERN: churchills privater krieg: intervention und konterrevolution im russischen bürgerkrieg, 1918–1920. By Alex P. Schmid. LATE MODERN: OSWALD MOSLEY. By Robert Skidelsky. LATE MODERN: naval policy between the wars, vol. 2: the period of reluctant rearmament 1930–1939. By Stephen Roskill. LATE MODERN: british foreign policy in the second world war, volume V. By Sir Llewellyn Woodward (with M. E. Lambert). LATE MODERN: reconstruction and land use planning 1939–1947 (environmental planning 1939–1969, volume I). By J. B. Cullingworth. LATE MODERN: national parks and recreation in the countryside (environmental planning 1939–1969, volume ii). By Gordon E. Cherry. LATE MODERN: nature in trust: the history of nature conservation in britain. by John Sheail. LATE MODERN: british social democracy. By David Howell. LATE MODERN: social democracy and industrial militancy, 1945–1974. By Leo Panitch. LATE MODERN: cunard and the north atlantic, 1840–1973: a history of shipping and financial management. By Francis E. Hyde. LATE MODERN: in first gear: the french automobile industry to 1914. By James M. Laux. LATE MODERN: william morris, viscount nuffield. By R. J. Overy. LATE MODERN: the patronage of science in the nineteenth century. Edited by G. L'E. LATE MODERN: revolutionary underground: the story of the irish republican brotherhood 1858–1924. By Leon Ó Broin. LATE MODERN: charles stewart parnell: the man and his family. By R. F. Foster. LATE MODERN: croke of cashel: the life of archbishop thomas william croke, 1823–1902. By Mark Tierney. LATE MODERN: william obrien and the course of irish politics, 1881–1918. By Joseph v. O'Brien. LATE MODERN: abour in irish politics 1890–1930: the irish labour movement in an age of revolution. By Arthur Mitchell. LATE MODERN: the protestants of ulster. By Geoffrey Bell. LATE MODERN: northern ireland, the orange state. By Michael Farrell. LATE MODERN: france under the directory. By Martin Lyons. LATE MODERN: liberalism and tradition: aspects of catholic thought in nineteenth‐century france. By Bernard Reardon. LATE MODERN: the origins of the french labor movement 1830–1914: the socialism of skilled workers. By Bernard H. Moss. LATE MODERN: bergson and his influence: A reassessment. By A. E. Pilkington. LATE MODERN: pierre laval. By F. Kupferman. LATE MODERN: old age in european society: the case of france. By Peter N. Stearns. LATE MODERN: la formation du canton de geneve, 1814–1816. By Paul Waeber. LATE MODERN: the german public mind in the nineteenth century: a social history of german political sentiments, aspirations and ideas. By Frederick Hertz. LATE MODERN: GERMAN HISTORY AND CIVILIZATION 1806–1914: A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SCHOLARLY PERIODICAL LITERATURE. COMPILED BY JOHN C. FOUT. LATE MODERN: nazism and the pastors: a study of the ideas of three deutsche christen groups. By James A. Zabel. LATE MODERN: the plough and the swastika: the nsdap and agriculture in germany 1928–1945. By J. E. Farquharson. LATE MODERN: hitler's generals. By Richard Brett‐Smith. LATE MODERN: the british image of hungary, 1865–70. By Tibor Frank. LATE MODERN: banking and industrialization in austria‐hungary: the role of banks in the industrialization of the czech crownlands 1873–1914. By Richard L. Rudolph. LATE MODERN: erzherzog franz ferdinand: studien. By Robert A. Kann. LATE MODERN: the green flag: polish populist politics, 1867–1970. By Olga A. Narkiewicz. LATE MODERN: the shadow of the winter palace: the drift to revolution, 1825–1917. By Edward Crankshaw. sergei zubatov and revolutionary marxism: the struggle for the working class in tsarist russia. By Jeremiah Schneiderman. the road to bloody suday: father gapon and the st. petersburg massacre of 1905. By Walter Sablinsky. LATE MODERN: the russian revolution: a study in mass mobilization. By John L. H. Keep. LATE MODERN: stalin's masterpiece: the show trials and purges of the thirties. By Joel Carmichael. LATE MODERN: tradition and change in english liberal education: an essay in history and culture. By Sheldon Rothblatt.