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Management of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes: report of an EFNS Task Force
Author(s) -
Vedeler C. A.,
Antoine J. C.,
Giometto B.,
Graus F.,
Grisold W.,
Hart I. K.,
Honnorat J.,
Sillevis Smitt P. A. E.,
Verschuuren J. J. G. M.,
Voltz R.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
european journal of neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.881
H-Index - 124
eISSN - 1468-1331
pISSN - 1351-5101
DOI - 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01266.x
Subject(s) - medicine , limbic encephalitis , lambert eaton myasthenic syndrome , peripheral nervous system , cerebellar degeneration , myasthenia gravis , paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration , central nervous system , cancer , nervous system , pathology , neuroscience , antibody , immunology , cerebellum , autoantibody , biology , psychiatry
Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are remote effects of cancer on the nervous system. An overview of the management of classical PNS, i.e. paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis, subacute sensory neuronopathy, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, paraneoplastic opsoclonus‐myoclonus, Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome and paraneoplastic peripheral nerve hyperexcitability is given. Myasthenia gravis and paraproteinemic neuropathies are not included in this report. No evidence‐based recommendations were possible, but good practice points were agreed by consensus. Urgent investigation is indicated, especially in central nervous system (CNS) syndromes, to allow tumour therapy to be started early and prevent progressive neuronal death and irreversible disability. Onconeural antibodies are of great importance in the investigation of PNS and can be used to focus tumour search. PDG‐PET is useful if the initial radiological tumour screen is negative. Early detection and treatment of the tumour is the approach that seems to offer the greatest chance for PNS stabilization. Immune therapy usually has no or modest effect on the CNS syndromes, whereas such therapy is beneficial for PNS affecting the neuromuscular junction. Symptomatic therapy should be offered to all patients with PNS.