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The prevalence and clinical correlates of apathy and irritability in Alzheimer's disease
Author(s) -
Starkstein S. E.,
Migliorelli R.,
Manes F.,
Tesón A.,
Petracca G.,
Chemerinski E.,
Sabe L.,
Leiguarda R.
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
european journal of neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.881
H-Index - 124
eISSN - 1468-1331
pISSN - 1351-5101
DOI - 10.1111/j.1468-1331.1995.tb00171.x
Subject(s) - apathy , irritability , depression (economics) , medicine , psychiatry , disease , pediatrics , clinical psychology , anxiety , cognition , economics , macroeconomics
We examined the prevalence and correlates of apathy and irritability in a consecutive series of 101 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). Based on clinical criteria, 46 (46%) patients had apathy, and 13 (13%) patients had irritability. Apathy was significantly associated with more severe impairments in activities of daily living, significantly more severe extrapyramidal signs, and a significantly higher frequency of both major depression and dysthymia. Patients with irritability had significantly more severe impairments in activities of daily living and significantly higher depression and anosognosia scores. On the other hand, neither apathy nor irritability were significantly associated with deficits in specific cognitive domains.