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GERMAN PACIFIST WOMEN IN EXILE, 1933‐1945
Author(s) -
Holl Karl
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
peace and change
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1468-0130
pISSN - 0149-0508
DOI - 10.1111/j.1468-0130.1995.tb00248.x
Subject(s) - german , weimar republic , peace movement , power (physics) , gender studies , history , political science , sociology , law , politics , archaeology , physics , quantum mechanics
The German peace movement in general, and women's pacifism in particular, lost ground as part of the general decline of the Weimar Republic. Adolf Hitler's seizure of power in1933 meant the end of organized pacifism in Germany, and it exposed all activists of the peace movement‐men and women alike‐to physical threats. Many women pacifists went into exile including Anita Augspurg, Lida Gustavo Heymann, Helene Stöcker, Elsbeth Bruck, Constanze Hallgarten, and Gertrud Baer. This article briefly examines the experience of such exiles.