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Anthropomorphism, Parsimony, and Common Ancestry
Author(s) -
SOBER ELLIOTT
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
mind and language
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.905
H-Index - 68
eISSN - 1468-0017
pISSN - 0268-1064
DOI - 10.1111/j.1468-0017.2012.01442.x
Subject(s) - trait , ancestor , psychology , epistemology , social psychology , cognitive psychology , philosophy , history , computer science , archaeology , programming language
I consider three theses that are friendly to anthropomorphism. Each makes a claim about what can be inferred about the mental life of chimpanzees from the fact that humans and chimpanzees both have behavioral trait B and humans produce this behavior by having mental trait M . The first thesis asserts that this fact makes it probable that chimpanzees have M . The second says that this fact provides strong evidence that chimpanzees have M. The third claims that the fact is evidence that chimpanzees have M. The third thesis follows from a plausible Reichenbachian model of how a common ancestor is probabilistically related to its descendants. The first two theses do not, and they have no general evolutionary justification.