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Environmental Influence on Language Acquisition: Comparing Second and Foreign Language Acquisition of Swedish
Author(s) -
Håkansson Gisela,
Norrby Catrin
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
language learning
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.882
H-Index - 103
eISSN - 1467-9922
pISSN - 0023-8333
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00569.x
Subject(s) - grammar , pragmatics , linguistics , lexicon , second language acquisition , language acquisition , psychology , variation (astronomy) , task (project management) , foreign language , philosophy , physics , management , astrophysics , economics
This article explores the influence of the learning environment on the second language acquisition of Swedish. Data were collected longitudinally over 1 year from 35 university students studying Swedish in Malmö, Sweden, and in Melbourne, Australia. Three areas were investigated: grammar, pragmatics, and lexicon. The development of grammar was analyzed within the framework of Processability Theory (Pienemann, 1998, 2005). For the pragmatic analysis, the learners’ production in a gap‐filling task was measured against answers from 100 native speakers. A scoring system was devised to enable comparisons between learners and native speakers. The lexical analysis was based on a word association test. The results show that the grammar developed similarly in the two groups, whereas differences between the groups were found in pragmatics and lexicon. This variation is explained by differences in target language exposure.