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Bounds on causal effects in three‐arm trials with non‐compliance
Author(s) -
Cheng Jing,
Small Dylan S.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of the royal statistical society: series b (statistical methodology)
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.523
H-Index - 137
eISSN - 1467-9868
pISSN - 1369-7412
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-9868.2006.00568.x
Subject(s) - identification (biology) , randomized experiment , econometrics , principal (computer security) , randomized controlled trial , point (geometry) , statistics , causal inference , observable , average treatment effect , mathematics , medicine , computer science , propensity score matching , surgery , botany , geometry , physics , quantum mechanics , biology , operating system
Summary. The paper considers the analysis of three‐arm randomized trials with non‐compliance. In these trials, the average causal effects of treatments within principal strata of compliance behaviour are of interest for better understanding the effect of the treatment. Unfortunately, even with the usual assumptions, the average causal effects of treatments within principal strata are not point identified. However, the observable data do provide useful information on the bounds of the identification regions of the parameters of interest. Under two sets of assumptions, we derive sharp bounds for the causal effects within principal strata for binary outcomes and construct confidence intervals to cover the identification regions. The methods are illustrated by an analysis of data from a randomized study of treatments for alcohol dependence.