Tribal synthesis: Piros, Mansos, and Tiwas through history

This article critically examines recent anthropological theorizing about indigenous tribalism using ethnographic and historical data on the Piro‐Manso‐Tiwa Indian tribe of New Mexico. Debates about constructionism, neo‐tribal capitalism, and proprietary approaches to culture provide valuable insights into recent indigenous cultural claims and political struggles, but also have serious limitations. The approach taken in the article, ‘tribal synthesis’, emphasizes process, agency, interdependence, and changing political and cultural repertoires of native peoples who seek survival amidst political domination and internal conflict. Such an approach can apply the best of recent critical theory in an advocacy anthropology that supports indigenous struggles.