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Toddlers' Social‐emotional Competence in the Contexts of Maternal Emotion Socialization and Contingent Responsiveness in a Low‐income Sample
Author(s) -
BrophyHerb Holly E.,
Schiffman Rachel F.,
Bocknek Erika London,
Dupuis Sara B.,
Fitzgerald Hiram E.,
Horodynski Mildred,
Onaga Esther,
Van Egeren Laurie A.,
Hillaker Barbara
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
social development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.078
H-Index - 91
eISSN - 1467-9507
pISSN - 0961-205X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-9507.2009.00570.x
Subject(s) - psychology , toddler , developmental psychology , socialization , structural equation modeling , social emotional learning , competence (human resources) , social competence , social psychology , social change , statistics , mathematics , economics , economic growth
Early social‐emotional development occurs in the context of parenting, particularly via processes such as maternal emotion socialization and parent–child interactions. Results from structural equation modeling indicated that maternal contingent responsiveness partially mediated the relationship between maternal emotion socialization of toddlers (N = 119, ages 12–36 months) and toddlers' social‐emotional competence. Effect size was strongest for the direct path between maternal emotion socialization and toddler social–emotional competence. Toddler age and maternal demographic risk status (covariates) predicted toddler competence. Study results extend the previous literature on early competencies by focusing on toddlers rather than preschool‐aged children and by employing a contextual model in which both low‐income mothers' emotion socialization and their contingent responsiveness predicted toddlers' competencies.