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GIS‐based flood hazard mapping at different administrative scales: A case study in Gangetic West Bengal, India
Author(s) -
Sanyal Joy,
Lu X.X.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
singapore journal of tropical geography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.538
H-Index - 42
eISSN - 1467-9493
pISSN - 0129-7619
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-9493.2006.00254.x
Subject(s) - flood myth , hazard map , hazard , geography , west bengal , composite index , geographic information system , monsoon , environmental planning , population , water resource management , environmental resource management , environmental science , cartography , socioeconomics , business , meteorology , chemistry , demography , archaeology , organic chemistry , finance , sociology , stock exchange
This paper addresses the need for an efficient and cost‐effective methodology for preparing flood hazard maps in data poor countries, particularly those under a monsoon regime where floods pose a recurrent danger. Taking Gangetic West Bengal, India, as an example and using available historical data from government agencies, the study compiled a regional map indicating hazard prone subregional areas for further detailed investigation, thereby isolating actual high risk localities. Using a GIS (Geographical Information System), a composite hazard index was devised incorporating variables of flood frequency, population density, transportation networks, access to potable water, and availability of high ground and maximum risk zones were mapped accordingly. A digital elevation model derived from high resolution imagery available in the public domain was used to calculate elevated areas suitable for temporary shelter during a flood. Selecting administrative units of analysis at the lowest possible scales – rural development blocks (regional) and revenue villages (subregional) – also ensures that hazard mapping is prepared in line with the existing rural planning and administrative authorities responsible for remedial intervention.