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The role of emotionality and typicality in speechreading
Author(s) -
JOHANSSON KARINA,
RÖNNBERG JERKER
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of psychology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.743
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1467-9450
pISSN - 0036-5564
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-9450.1995.tb00978.x
Subject(s) - speechreading , psychology , emotionality , scripting language , sentence , perception , cognition , cognitive psychology , social psychology , audiology , linguistics , medicine , philosophy , neuroscience , computer science , operating system
Two experiments were carried out to investigate how emotionality and typicality could influence speechreading performance. Typical and atypical sentences for a certain script, and emotional sentences (happy and sad content, presented with happy, sad or neutral facial expression) were shown without sound on a TV‐screen. Two different scripts (restaurant and doctor) were used. In Experiment 1, hearing‐impaired subjects participated and in Experiment 2, normal‐hearing subjects participated. Experiment 2 also evaluated the effects of tactile information. The results from both experiments showed that typical restaurant sentences were the easiest to speechread of all sentence‐types, in line with script‐theory (Abelson, 1981; Anderson, 1983; Bellezza & Bower, 1981; Nottenburg & Shoben, 1980; Yekowich & Walker, 1986). For the doctor script, sad sentences were better speechread than happy sentences, also according to script‐theory. In addition, perception of emotional content was enhanced by tactile information. Generally, both the cognitive and emotional effects are script‐dependent, suggesting important social constraints on speechreading accuracy.