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European Agricultural Biotechnology Preferences and Policy: Growth and Trade Implications
Author(s) -
Francis John,
Oehmke James F.,
Weatherspoon Dave D.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
review of international economics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.513
H-Index - 58
eISSN - 1467-9396
pISSN - 0965-7576
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-9396.2005.00533.x
Subject(s) - european union , subsidy , agricultural biotechnology , economics , agriculture , consumption (sociology) , international trade , production (economics) , capital (architecture) , common agricultural policy , export subsidy , commercial policy , international economics , market economy , biology , macroeconomics , history , ecology , social science , archaeology , sociology
European Union policies effectively prohibit the production and consumption of genetically modified agricultural products. This paper examines the prohibition's effects on research and development, innovation, trade flows, and economic growth using a Heckscher–Ohlin–Samuelson trade model with a neo‐ Schumpeterian approach. Restrictive European Union policies on biotechnology production and consumption result in: an effective export subsidy of capital to the South; changing trade flows; North America being the dominant producer of biotechnology research and development; the South being a dominant producer of biotechnology products; and the European Union being the dominant producer of traditional agricultural products.