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Does One Size Fit All? A Reexamination of the Environmental Kuznets Curve Using the Dynamic Panel Data Approach
Author(s) -
Lee ChienChiang,
Chiu YiBin,
Sun ChiaHung
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
applied economic perspectives and policy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.4
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 2040-5804
pISSN - 2040-5790
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-9353.2009.01465.x
Subject(s) - kuznets curve , panel data , economics , econometrics
This article applies the dynamic panel generalized method of moments technique to reexamine the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions and asks two critical questions: “Does the global data set fit the EKC hypothesis?” and “Do different income levels or regions influence the results of the EKC?” We find evidence of the EKC hypothesis for CO 2 emissions in a global data set, middle‐income, and American and European countries, but not in other income levels and regions. Thus, the hypothesis that one size fits all cannot be supported for the EKC, and even more importantly, results, robustness checking, and implications emerge.