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EXPERIENCES WITH PLANNING FOR NATURAL LANGUAGE GENERATION
Author(s) -
Koller Alexander,
Petrick Ronald P. A.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
computational intelligence
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.353
H-Index - 52
eISSN - 1467-8640
pISSN - 0824-7935
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-8640.2010.00370.x
Subject(s) - natural language generation , computer science , planner , preprocessor , artificial intelligence , mainstream , domain (mathematical analysis) , natural language , natural language processing , mathematics , mathematical analysis , theology , philosophy
Natural language generation (NLG) is a major subfield of computational linguistics with a long tradition as an application area of automated planning systems. While current mainstream approaches have largely ignored the planning approach to NLG, several recent publications have sparked a renewed interest in this area. In this article, we investigate the extent to which these new NLG approaches profit from the advances in planner expressiveness and efficiency. Our findings are mixed. While modern planners can readily handle the search problems that arise in our NLG experiments, their overall runtime is often dominated by the grounding step they perform as preprocessing. Furthermore, small changes in the structure of a domain can significantly shift the balance between search and preprocessing. Overall, our experiments show that the off‐the‐shelf planners we tested are unusably slow for nontrivial NLG problem instances. As a result, we offer our domains and experiences as challenges for the planning community.