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Differential Susceptibility to Adolescent Externalizing Trajectories: Examining the Interplay Between CHRM2 and Peer Group Antisocial Behavior
Author(s) -
Latendresse Shawn J.,
Bates John E.,
Goodnight Jackson A.,
Lansford Jennifer E.,
Budde John P.,
Goate Alison,
Dodge Kenneth A.,
Pettit Gregory S.,
Dick Danielle M.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
child development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.103
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1467-8624
pISSN - 0009-3920
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01640.x
Subject(s) - psychology , normative , developmental psychology , peer group , association (psychology) , externalization , social psychology , philosophy , epistemology , psychotherapist
The present study characterized prototypical patterns of development in self‐reported externalizing behavior, between 12 and 22 years of age, within a community sample of 452 genotyped individuals. A Caucasian subset ( n = 378) was then examined to determine whether their probabilities of displaying discrete trajectories were differentially associated with CHRM2 , a gene implicated in self‐regulatory processes across a range of externalizing behaviors, and if affiliating with antisocial peers moderated these associations. Findings indicate that relative to a normative “lower risk” externalizing trajectory, likelihood of membership in two “higher risk” trajectories increased with each additional copy of the minor allelic variant at CHRM2 , and that this association was exacerbated among those exposed to higher levels of peer group antisocial behavior.