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Direct and Extended Friendship Effects on Minority and Majority Children’s Interethnic Attitudes: A Longitudinal Study
Author(s) -
Feddes Allard R.,
Noack Peter,
Rutland Adam
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
child development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.103
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1467-8624
pISSN - 0009-3920
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01266.x
Subject(s) - friendship , ethnic group , turkish , psychology , longitudinal study , developmental psychology , german , social psychology , ethnically diverse , sociology , medicine , linguistics , philosophy , archaeology , pathology , anthropology , history
Longitudinal direct and extended cross‐ethnic friendship effects on out‐group evaluations among German (majority status, N = 76) and Turkish (minority status, N = 73) children (age 7–11 years) in ethnically heterogeneous elementary schools were examined at the beginning and end of the school year (time lag: 7 months). The results showed that among majority status children, but not minority status children, direct cross‐ethnic friendship predicted over time positive out‐group evaluations. This association was partly mediated by perceived social norms about cross‐ethnic friendship relations. No longitudinal effects of extended cross‐ethnic friendship were found. These results suggest that in ethnically heterogeneous contexts, direct friendship is more effective in changing intergroup attitudes than extended friendship and that social status moderates direct friendship effects.