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A Cognitive‐Developmental Approach to Racial Stereotyping and Reconstructive Memory in Euro‐American Children
Author(s) -
Bigler Rebecca S.,
Liben Lynn S.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
child development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.103
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1467-8624
pISSN - 0009-3920
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1993.tb02967.x
Subject(s) - psychology , cognition , developmental psychology , cognitive development , reconstructive memory , cognitive psychology , childhood memory , episodic memory , neuroscience
To examine the role of cognitive skill and racial stereotyping in Euro‐American children's processing of race‐related information, 75 Euro‐American children, aged 4–9 years, were asked to recall stories that were either consistent with or inconsistent with cultural racial stereotypes. In 6 trait stories, a Euro‐American main character encounters both a Euro‐American and an African American child. A negative trait is attributed to either the African American (stereotypic story) or the Euro‐American child (counterstereotypic story). In 6 social relationship stories, main characters interact with neighbors, friends, or married couples, portrayed either intraracially (stereotypic) or interracially (counterstereotypic). Individual difference measures were used to assess subjects' racial stereotyping and their classification skill (ability to sort stimuli along multiple dimensions). As predicted, lower degrees of racial stereotyping and the ability to classify persons along multiple dimensions were associated with better memory for counterstereotypic stories. Implications for intervention programs aimed at reducing racial stereotyping are discussed.