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The integration of print and digital content for providing learners with constructive feedback using smartphones
Author(s) -
Chen NianShing,
Wei ChunWang,
Huang YenChieh
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
british journal of educational technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.79
H-Index - 95
eISSN - 1467-8535
pISSN - 0007-1013
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-8535.2012.01371.x
Subject(s) - constructive , computer science , hyperlink , leverage (statistics) , multimedia , digital content , ode , mathematics education , human–computer interaction , world wide web , psychology , artificial intelligence , process (computing) , mathematics , web page , operating system
Timely feedback is considered essential for supporting professional growth and personal development. However, it is difficult to employ such feedback in traditional learning environments. Recently, smartphones are considered as educational tools for supporting instructional activities. Therefore, this study attempts to leverage the advantages of physical textbooks and mobile devices. A pedagogical strategy called constructive feedback was proposed to provide learners with real‐time and personalized suggestions according to the results of electronic assessment. Two types of connectivity techniques, namely QR C odes and hyperlinking, were applied for integrating printed materials and digital content. An experiment was conducted in a university course entitled C omputer N etworks, and a total of 80 students were recruited to participate in this experiment. The findings revealed that the strategy of constructive feedback had a significant influence on learning performance. However, no significant differences on learning performance were found between using QR C odes and using hyperlinking. Finally, implications of the findings were discussed for further research directions and practical applications.