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DEVELOPMENTS IN STEM CELL RESEARCH AND THERAPEUTIC CLONING: ISLAMIC ETHICAL POSITIONS, A REVIEW
Author(s) -
FADEL HOSSAM E.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
bioethics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.494
H-Index - 55
eISSN - 1467-8519
pISSN - 0269-9702
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-8519.2010.01840.x
Subject(s) - islam , stem cell , cloning (programming) , engineering ethics , human cloning , bioethics , medicine , environmental ethics , political science , philosophy , biology , genetics , engineering , law , computer science , theology , programming language
Stem cell research is very promising. The use of human embryos has been confronted with objections based on ethical and religious positions. The recent production of reprogrammed adult (induced pluripotent) cells does not – in the opinion of scientists – reduce the need to continue human embryonic stem cell research. So the debate continues. Islam always encouraged scientific research, particularly research directed toward finding cures for human disease. Based on the expectation of potential benefits, Islamic teachings permit and support human embryonic stem cell research. The majority of Muslim scholars also support therapeutic cloning. This permissibility is conditional on the use of supernumerary early pre‐embryos which are obtained during infertility treatment in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinics. The early pre‐embryos are considered in Islamic jurisprudence as worthy of respect but do not have the full sanctity offered to the embryo after implantation in the uterus and especially after ensoulment. In this paper the Islamic positions regarding human embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are reviewed in some detail, whereas positions in other religious traditions are mentioned only briefly. The status of human embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning in different countries, including the USA and especially in Muslim countries, is discussed.