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Who Counts? Dilemmas of Justice in a Postwestphalian World
Author(s) -
Fraser Nancy
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
antipode
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.177
H-Index - 98
eISSN - 1467-8330
pISSN - 0066-4812
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-8330.2009.00726.x
Subject(s) - scrutiny , subject (documents) , westphalian sovereignty , sociology , economic justice , humanism , normative , object (grammar) , reflexivity , sketch , state (computer science) , epistemology , law , law and economics , political science , sovereignty , social science , philosophy , linguistics , algorithm , politics , library science , computer science
Who counts as a subject of justice? Not so long ago, it was widely assumed that those “who counted” were simply the citizens of a bounded territorial state. Today, however, as activists target injustices that cut across borders, that “Westphalian” view is contested and the “who” of justice is an object of hot dispute. This new situation calls for a new kind of justice theorizing, whose contours I sketch in this essay. Arguing, first, for a reflexive mode of theorizing, I introduce the concept of “misframing”, which can subject the Westphalian “who” to critical scrutiny. Arguing, second, for the necessity of a substantive normative principle to evaluate competing “who’s”, I introduce the “all‐subjected principle” as superior to three better known alternatives: namely, membership, humanism, and the all‐affected principle.