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Gastrointestinal targets to modulate satiety and food intake
Author(s) -
Geraedts M. C. P.,
Troost F. J.,
Saris W. H. M.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
obesity reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.845
H-Index - 162
eISSN - 1467-789X
pISSN - 1467-7881
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2010.00788.x
Subject(s) - enteroendocrine cell , g protein coupled receptor , hormone , receptor , gastrointestinal tract , food intake , taste , biology , glucagon like peptide 1 , signal transduction , endocrine system , chemistry , endocrinology , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , diabetes mellitus , type 2 diabetes
Summary This review discusses the role of enteroendocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract as chemoreceptors that sense intraluminal contents and induce changes in food intake through the release of signalling substances, such as satiety hormones. Recent evidence supports the concept that chemosensing in the gut involves G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are known to mediate gustatory signals in the oral cavity. GPCRs can be grouped into several families, depending on the stimuli to which they respond, e.g. proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, fatty acids, or tastants. Sensing of these stimuli by GPCRs results in hormone secretions of enteroendocrine cells, which participate in the control of food intake. A better understanding of the stimuli that induce the strongest binding with these receptors, and thus induce a strong release of hormones, can be a very useful strategy for the development of novel foods in the treatment of obesity.