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Natural Disasters: A Framework for Research and Teaching
Author(s) -
ALEXANDER DAVID
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
disasters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.744
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1467-7717
pISSN - 0361-3666
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-7717.1991.tb00455.x
Subject(s) - natural disaster , vulnerability (computing) , scope (computer science) , dichotomy , hazard , natural hazard , natural (archaeology) , environmental planning , disaster risk reduction , sustainability , risk analysis (engineering) , poison control , environmental ethics , environmental resource management , engineering ethics , geography , engineering , business , ecology , computer security , computer science , environmental science , environmental health , epistemology , philosophy , archaeology , meteorology , biology , programming language , medicine
Natural disasters are defined in this paper by relating the impact of extreme geophysical events to patterns of human vulnerability. Hazard perception is shown to be a factor that limits the mitigation of risk. The historical development of disaster studies is traced and five different schools of thought are identified. The current International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR) is evaluated critically with regard to its potential for unifying the disparate strands of knowledge and its scope as a vehicle for education. A pedagogical framework for disaster studies is presented. Time and space provide valuable unifying factors, while the subject matter can be differentiated according to the continua and dichotomies that it presents. In disaster studies as in other branches of higher education, an ecocentric approach is preferable to a technocentric one, as many of the poorer nations of the world, which are most afflicted by natural catastrophe, will have to rely for mitigation on maintaining their ecological sustainability, instead of depending on sophisticated technology. Valuable insights into the impact of environmental extremes on mankind are gained from the study of disasters as human ecology.