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Basic number processing deficits in ADHD: a broad examination of elementary and complex number processing skills in 9‐ to 12‐year‐old children with ADHD‐C
Author(s) -
Kaufmann Liane,
Nuerk HansChristoph
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
developmental science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.801
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1467-7687
pISSN - 1363-755X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00718.x
Subject(s) - dyscalculia , psychology , arabic numerals , working memory , dictation , dyslexia , task (project management) , learning disability , cognitive psychology , attention deficit hyperactivity disorder , developmental psychology , executive functions , audiology , cognition , reading (process) , arithmetic , clinical psychology , psychiatry , speech recognition , computer science , medicine , mathematics , management , political science , law , economics
ADHD (attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder) and academic difficulties are frequently associated, but to date this link is poorly understood. In order to explore which components of number processing and calculation skills may be disturbed in children with ADHD we presented a series of respective tasks to 9‐ to 12‐year‐old children with ADHD‐combined type and matched children without ADHD (of any type) without concomitant dyscalculia and/or dyslexia. Overall, group differences were not significant regarding overlearned and explicitly trained simple and complex calculation skills. More basic number processing skills are – for instance – the ability to compare one‐digit numbers according to their magnitude (so‐called magnitude comparison), to count or to transcode numbers, i.e. to write down an Arabic number ‘21’ in verbal dictation. Significant differences favouring control children in basic number processing skills were obtained in a number comparison task and in a dot enumeration task. Importantly, our results cannot be explained by group differences regarding specific working memory and executive function components. Thus, number processing skills and in particular the processing of numerical magnitude should be investigated in children diagnosed with ADHD even when no comorbid learning disabilities are reported.