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Developmental trajectories for spatial frames of reference in Williams syndrome
Author(s) -
Nardini Marko,
Atkinson Janette,
Braddick Oliver,
Burgess Neil
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
developmental science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.801
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1467-7687
pISSN - 1363-755X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00662.x
Subject(s) - psychology , landmark , frame of reference , reference frame , mental rotation , williams syndrome , object (grammar) , spatial ability , task (project management) , cognitive psychology , developmental psychology , motion (physics) , spatial cognition , frame (networking) , cognition , artificial intelligence , computer science , neuroscience , telecommunications , physics , management , quantum mechanics , economics
Williams syndrome (WS) is a genetic disorder associated with severe visuocognitive impairment. Individuals with WS also report difficulties with everyday wayfinding. To study the development of body‐, environment‐, and object‐based spatial frames of reference in WS, we tested 45 children and adults with WS on a search task in which the participant and a spatial array are moved with respect to each other. Although individuals with WS showed a marked delay, like young controls they demonstrated independent, additive use of body‐ and environment‐based frames of reference. Crucially, object‐based (intrinsic) representations based on local landmarks within the array were only marginally used even by adults with WS, whereas in typical development these emerge at 5 years. Deficits in landmark use are consistent with wayfinding difficulties in WS, and may also contribute to problems with basic localization, since in typical development landmark‐based representations supplement those based on the body and on self‐motion. Difficulties with inhibition or mental rotation may be further components in the impaired ability to use the correct reference frame in WS.