Open AccessGenetic engineering of improved nitrogen use efficiency in rice by the tissue‐specific expression of alanine aminotransferase
Author(s) -
Shrawat Ashok K.,
Carroll Rebecka T.,
DePauw Mary,
Taylor Gregory J.,
Good Allen G.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
plant biotechnology journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.525
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1467-7652
pISSN - 1467-7644
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2008.00351.x
Subject(s) - nitrogen , biology , oryza sativa , agronomy , crop , genetically modified crops , limiting , biomass (ecology) , microbiology and biotechnology , productivity , crop yield , transgene , biochemistry , chemistry , gene , mechanical engineering , organic chemistry , engineering , macroeconomics , economics
Summary Nitrogen is quantitatively the most essential nutrient for plants and a major factor limiting crop productivity. One of the critical steps limiting the efficient use of nitrogen is the ability of plants to acquire it from applied fertilizer. Therefore, the development of crop plants that absorb and use nitrogen more efficiently has been a long‐term goal of agricultural research. In an attempt to develop nitrogen‐efficient plants, rice ( Oryza sativa L.) was genetically engineered by introducing a barley AlaAT ( alanine aminotransferase ) cDNA driven by a rice tissue‐specific promoter ( OsAnt1 ). This modification increased the biomass and grain yield significantly in comparison with control plants when plants were well supplied with nitrogen. Compared with controls, transgenic rice plants also demonstrated significant changes in key metabolites and total nitrogen content, indicating increased nitrogen uptake efficiency. The development of crop plants that take up and assimilate nitrogen more efficiently would not only improve the use of nitrogen fertilizers, resulting in lower production costs, but would also have significant environmental benefits. These results are discussed in terms of their relevance to the development of strategies to engineer enhanced nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants.