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From Wishing to Intending: Differences in Salience of Positive versus Negative Consequences
Author(s) -
Wicker Frank W.,
Wiehe James A.,
Hagen Anastasia S.,
Brown Gail
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
journal of personality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.082
H-Index - 144
eISSN - 1467-6494
pISSN - 0022-3506
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1994.tb00301.x
Subject(s) - psychology , social psychology , maslow's hierarchy of needs , salience (neuroscience) , affect (linguistics) , value (mathematics) , self determination theory , action (physics) , developmental psychology , cognitive psychology , physics , autonomy , communication , quantum mechanics , machine learning , computer science , political science , law
Goal ratings by 345 subjects in seven data samples supported a functional distinction between two types of positive incentive value, one based on approaching positive affect (positive‐based value or PBV), the other on avoiding negative affect (negative‐based value or NBV). Ratings of PBV were more related to ratings of earlier action‐phases of motivation (“wishing”), whereas ratings of NBV tended to be more related to factors entailed in later action‐phases (“urgency/priority” and “intention”). These findings and previous ones are consistent with the proposal that this distinction parallels distinctions in Maslow's motivation theory. If the parallel is accepted, the findings support predictions from Maslow's theory. Results also indicate that purportedly unidimensional rating scales of motivation can reflect more than one underlying attribute.