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Dominance and Friendliness: On the Interaction of Gender and Situation
Author(s) -
Moskowitz D. S.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
journal of personality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.082
H-Index - 144
eISSN - 1467-6494
pISSN - 0022-3506
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1993.tb00286.x
Subject(s) - psychology , dominance (genetics) , social psychology , cognitive psychology , biochemistry , gene , chemistry
The present study examined the systematic effects of gender and situation on two personality characteristics: dominance and friendliness. Individuals were observed twice in each of three situations: with a familiar person of the same sex, with an unfamiliar person of the same sex, and with an unfamiliar person of the opposite sex. Observations by independent observers were collected using behavior counts and ratings. In addition, self‐reports about dominance and friendliness in different situations were collected. Results based on the independent observers generally indicated that sex differences are reduced in mixed‐sex groups and accentuated in same‐sex groups. There was also evidence of systematic errors in the self‐reports suggesting that men may overestimate their degree of friendliness and that women may overestimate their level of dominance.