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Masculinity, Femininity, and Androgyny: Relations to Self‐Esteem and Social Desirability
Author(s) -
Marsh Herbert W.,
Antill John K.,
Cunningham John D.
Publication year - 1987
Publication title -
journal of personality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.082
H-Index - 144
eISSN - 1467-6494
pISSN - 0022-3506
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1987.tb00457.x
Subject(s) - androgyny , femininity , psychology , social desirability , masculinity , social psychology , self esteem , relation (database) , developmental psychology , psychoanalysis , database , computer science
The present investigation is a reanalysis of data from Antill and Cunningham (1979,1980) consisting of responses to five Masculinity‐Femininity (MF) instruments, two self‐esteem instruments, and two social desirability instruments The present study examined recently developed models of the MF/ esteem relation and the influence of social desirability on this relation The unique contribution of Masculinity (M) to esteem was consistently more positive than that of Femininity (F) which was either ml or negative, did not vary with sex as posited by sex‐typed models, and did not interact with F as posited by interactive androgyny models Partialing out the effects of social desirability failed to alter the general pattern of results In contrast to esteem, social desirability was more correlated with F than M, and these findings were consistent with the observation that esteem items may reflect stereotypically masculine characteristics whereas social desirability items reflect stereotypically feminine characteristics The findings of the present study, and those of previous research, were examined in relation to important methodological issues that have been largely ignored by previous research in this area