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Macro‐Determinants of Gambling in Industrialized Nations
Author(s) -
Pryor Frederic L.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
kyklos
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.766
H-Index - 58
eISSN - 1467-6435
pISSN - 0023-5962
DOI - 10.1111/j.1467-6435.2008.00394.x
Subject(s) - economics , per capita income , demographic economics , macro , per capita , welfare , developed country , population , value (mathematics) , development economics , macro level , macroeconomics , demography , sociology , market economy , machine learning , computer science , programming language
SUMMARY This study investigates some of the macro‐determinants of commercial gambling in 21 industrialized nations. Of the possible economic determinants, two seem particularly important: the per capita income of the country since gambling represents a larger share of the income of low‐income people than high‐income people; and the general uncertainty of the economic environment, as measured by annual fluctuations in the GDP. Of the possible cultural determines, two also seem particularly important: the values held by the population, as measured by a factor analysis of a number of questions from the World Value Study; and the degree to which the society insures against risk through social welfare expenditures. For the OECD nations in the early part of the 21 st century, all four variables prove to be significantly related to the ratio of gambling expenditures to disposable income.