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Prevalence of zinc transporter 8 antibodies in gestational diabetes mellitus
Author(s) -
Dereke J.,
Nilsson C.,
LandinOlsson M.,
Hillman M.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
diabetic medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.474
H-Index - 145
eISSN - 1464-5491
pISSN - 0742-3071
DOI - 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03766.x
Subject(s) - gestational diabetes , medicine , autoantibody , glutamate decarboxylase , diabetes mellitus , type 1 diabetes , endocrinology , antibody , pregnancy , immunology , gestation , biochemistry , biology , enzyme , genetics
Diabet. Med. 29, e436–e439 (2012) Abstract Aims Gestational diabetes mellitus affects approximately 7% of all pregnant women. Some of these women develop autoantibodies that are generally characteristic of Type 1 diabetes. Autoantibodies targeting glutamic acid decarboxylase and tyrosine phosphatase‐like protein are the most frequently reported. A recently identified autoantigen in Type 1 diabetes is zinc transporter 8. Some reports suggest that the frequency of zinc transporter 8 antibodies is as high as glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in Type 1 diabetes and thus a good diagnostic marker for autoimmune diabetes. There are currently no reports of zinc transporter 8 antibodies in gestational diabetes. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the frequency of zinc transporter 8 antibodies in patients at clinical onset of gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods Subjects included in this pilot study were all diagnosed with gestational diabetes at Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden, 2009–2010 ( n = 193). Sera samples were analysed for antibodies using a commercial enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay according to the manufacturers’ instructions. Results We found that 19/193 patients with gestational diabetes, diagnosed in 2009–2010, were positive for at least one autoantibody. Glutamic acid decarboxylase was the most common single autoantibody (52.6%; 10/19), followed by zinc transporter 8 (21.1%; 4/19) and tyrosine phosphatase ‐ like protein (15.8%; 3/19). Combinations of two or more antibodies were rare (10.5%; 2/19). Conclusions In this study, we found that zinc transporter 8 added 2.1% (4/193) of autoantibody positivity in women with gestational diabetes who were negative for glutamic acid decarboxylase and tyrosine phosphatase ‐ like protein antibodies. Glutamic acid decarboxylase was still the most prevalent autoantibody in gestational diabetes, but, as zinc transporter 8 was present even in the absence of glutamic acid decarboxylase, this autoantibody could be an important independent marker of autoimmunity in gestational diabetes.