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Clinical effectiveness of a brief educational intervention in Type 1 diabetes: results from the BITES (Brief Intervention in Type 1 diabetes, Education for Self‐efficacy) trial
Author(s) -
George J. T.,
Valdovinos A. P.,
Russell I.,
Dromgoole P.,
Lomax S.,
Torgerson D. J.,
Wells T.,
Thow J. C.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
diabetic medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.474
H-Index - 145
eISSN - 1464-5491
pISSN - 0742-3071
DOI - 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02607.x
Subject(s) - medicine , type 2 diabetes , randomized controlled trial , confidence interval , diabetes mellitus , physical therapy , incidence (geometry) , psychological intervention , self efficacy , nursing , endocrinology , optics , psychotherapist , psychology , physics
Aims Intensive 5‐day educational interventions for people with Type 1 diabetes have shown improved outcomes in a number of European studies. The aim was to assess the effectiveness of a brief (2.5 days) psycho‐educational intervention. Methods Our randomized trial in a secondary‐care setting had 54 and 60 participants allocated to intervention and control groups, respectively. Primary outcomes were HbA 1c and severe hypoglycaemia. Secondary outcomes were blood pressure, weight, height, lipids and psychometric profile. Results HbA 1c showed no statistically significant change at 3 months [difference = 0.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) –0.23, 0.26, P = 0.92], 6 months (difference = –0.06, 95% CI –0.32, 0.20, P = 0.67) and 12 months (difference = 0.01, 95% CI –0.30, 0.32, P = 0.94). Incidence of severe hypoglycaemia (per patient per year) in the intervention group (0.41) and control group (0.48) was not statistically different. Treatment satisfaction improved at 3 months (difference = 9.4, 95% CI 5.2, 13.6, P = 0.0005), 6 months (difference = 10.4, 95% CI 6.0, 14.8, P = 0.0005) and 12 months (difference = 7.1, 95% CI 2.1, 12.1, P = 0.006). The ‘Managing psychological aspects’ and ‘Setting and achieving goals’ dimensions of the Diabetes Empowerment Scale also showed significant improvement at 3, 6 and 12 months. Diabetes Knowledge Test, Illness Perception Questionnaire, Hypoglycaemia Fear Scale and Short Form 36 showed no significant change. Conclusions This brief intervention had no significant impact on HbA 1c or severe hypoglycaemia, but improved diabetes treatment satisfaction and patient empowerment. Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN75807800.