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Life‐course socio‐economic position, area deprivation and Type 2 diabetes: findings from the British Women's Heart and Health Study
Author(s) -
Andersen A. F.,
Carson C.,
Watt H. C.,
Lawlor D. A.,
Avlund K.,
Ebrahim S.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
diabetic medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.474
H-Index - 145
eISSN - 1464-5491
pISSN - 0742-3071
DOI - 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02594.x
Subject(s) - medicine , insulin resistance , confidence interval , odds ratio , type 2 diabetes , diabetes mellitus , life course approach , glucose homeostasis , cross sectional study , demography , gerontology , endocrinology , pathology , psychology , social psychology , sociology
Abstract Objectives We examined whether area deprivation influenced risk of Type 2 diabetes, fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance over and above the effect of individual socio‐economic position (SEP) measured across the life course. Methods A cross‐sectional analysis of 4286 women aged 60 to 79 years from 457 British electoral wards in 23 towns. Results Area deprivation was positively associated with diagnosed [odds ratio (OR) 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13, 1.53, per quintile of area deprivation, n = 2895], but not undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes after adjustment for individual life‐course SEP. This association was robust to adjustment for adult health behaviours and physiological risk factors. Insulin resistance [homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) score] increased by 1.90% (95% CI 0.01, 3.82, n = 2526) per quintile of area deprivation after adjustment for individual SEP, while fasting blood glucose increased by 0.69% (95% CI 0.16, 1.22, n = 2875) after adjustment for individual SEP. Conclusions Area level deprivation independently influences diagnosed Type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and fasting blood glucose. Examination of more specific characteristics of places is needed to understand the mechanisms by which these effects arise.