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Nocturnal hypoglycaemia in Type 1 diabetic patients, assessed with continuous glucose monitoring: frequency, duration and associations
Author(s) -
Wentholt I. M. E.,
Maran A.,
Masurel N.,
Heine R. J.,
Hoekstra J. B. L.,
DeVries J. H.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
diabetic medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.474
H-Index - 145
eISSN - 1464-5491
pISSN - 0742-3071
DOI - 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02107.x
Subject(s) - medicine , bedtime , nocturnal , diabetes mellitus , hypoglycemia , type 1 diabetes , interquartile range , insulin , continuous glucose monitoring , endocrinology
Aims We quantified the occurrence and duration of nocturnal hypoglycaemia in individuals with Type 1 diabetes treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) or multiple‐injection therapy (MIT) using a continuous subcutaneous glucose sensor. Methods A microdialysis sensor was worn at home by 24 patients on CSII (mean HbA 1c 7.8 ± 0.9%) and 33 patients on MIT (HbA 1c 8.7 ± 1.3%) for 48 h. Occurrence and duration of nocturnal hypoglycaemia were assessed and using multivariate regression analysis, the association between HbA 1c , diabetes duration, treatment type (CSII vs. MIT), fasting and bedtime blood glucose values, total daily insulin dose and mean nocturnal glucose concentrations, and hypoglycaemia occurrence and duration was investigated. Results Nocturnal hypoglycaemia ≤ 3.9 mmol/l occurred in 33.3% of both the CSII‐ (8/24) and MIT‐treated patients (11/33). Mean (± sd ; median, interquartile range) duration of hypoglycaemia ≤ 3.9 mmol/l was 78 (± 76; 57, 23–120) min per night for the CSII‐ and 98 (± 80; 81, 32–158) min per night for the MIT‐treated group. Multivariate regression analysis showed that bedtime glucose value had the strongest association with the occurrence ( P = 0.026) and duration ( P = 0.032) of nocturnal hypoglycaemia. Conclusions Microdialysis continuous glucose monitoring has enabled more precise quantification of nocturnal hypoglycaemia occurrence and duration in Type 1 diabetic patients. Occurrence and duration of nocturnal hypoglycaemia were mainly associated with bedtime glucose value.