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A comparison of the influence of a high‐fat diet enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids and conventional diet on weight loss and metabolic parameters in obese non‐diabetic and Type 2 diabetic patients
Author(s) -
Brunerova L.,
Smejkalova V.,
Potockova J.,
Andel M.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
diabetic medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.474
H-Index - 145
eISSN - 1464-5491
pISSN - 0742-3071
DOI - 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02104.x
Subject(s) - medicine , endocrinology , type 2 diabetes , weight loss , diabetes mellitus , obesity , anthropometry , body mass index , waist
Aims The aim of our study was to compare the influence of a hypocaloric, high‐fat diet enriched with MUFA (M) and conventional diet (C) on weight loss and metabolic parameters in obese non‐diabetic and obese Type 2 diabetic subjects over a 3‐month period. It was our hypothesis that the enriched diet would be more effective in decreasing blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin (HbA 1c ) than the control diet. Methods Twenty‐seven Type 2 diabetic patients (54.5 ± 3.5 years; DM), treated with diet or oral glucose‐lowering agents, and 31 obese non‐diabetic subjects (53.6 ± 3.5 years; OB) were randomized to M or C. Individual calculations of energy requirements were based on the formula: [resting energy expenditure (REE) × 1.5] − 600 kcal. Subjects were assessed by a dietitian every 2 weeks and by a physician every month. Statistical analyses were carried out between the four groups—DM/M, DM/C, OB/M and OB/C—using pair Student's test and anova . Results After 3 months, body weight, waist–hip ratio, total body fat, levels of C‐peptide, triglycerides and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) decreased in all four groups ( P < 0.01). However, fasting blood glucose and HbA 1c decreased ( P < 0.01) and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol increased significantly only in the DM/M group ( P < 0.05). In general, M was well tolerated. Conclusions Individualized M and C diets were successful in improving metabolic and anthropometric parameters in both the obese non‐diabetic and the Type 2 diabetic subjects. Although the superiority of the higher fat diet did not reach statistical significance, the decline in blood glucose and HbA 1c in the Type 2 diabetic group on M was encouraging.