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Tumour expression of bladder cancer‐associated urinary proteins
Author(s) -
Lindén Mårten,
Segersten Ulrika,
Runeson Marcus,
Wester Kenneth,
Busch Christer,
Pettersson Ulf,
Lind Sara Bergström,
Malmström PerUno
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
bju international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.773
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1464-410X
pISSN - 1464-4096
DOI - 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2012.11653.x
Subject(s) - medicine , bladder cancer , urinary bladder , urinary system , immunohistochemistry , pathology , cancer , tissue microarray , urine
What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? The current basis for diagnosis and prognosis in urinary bladder cancer is based on the pathologists' assessment of a biopsy of the tumour. Urinary biomarkers are preferable as they can be non‐invasively sampled. Urinary cytology is the only test with widespread use but is hampered by poor reproducibility and low sensitivity. By studying the protein expression in bladder tumour tissue samples of proteins previously found in elevated levels in the urine of patients with bladder cancer, we have been able to show that these proteins originate from the tumour. The immunoreactivity of three of the investigated proteins increased with higher stage. Also a serine peptidase inhibitor was found to be predictive of progression from non‐muscle‐invasive to muscle‐invasive tumours.Objectives To analyse the expression of five bladder cancer‐associated urinary proteins and investigate if expression is related to the malignant phenotype of the tumour. To explore the possible prognostic value of these proteins.Patients and Methods Urine samples, 16 from patients with bladder cancer and 26 from controls, were used in W estern B lotting experiments. Tissue microarrays with bladder tissue from 344 patients diagnosed with bladder cancer between 1984 and 2005 was used in immunohistochemistry experiments. The proteins apolipoprotein E ( APOE ), fibrinogen β chain precursor ( FGB ), leucine‐rich α2‐glycoprotein (LRG1), polymerase ( RNA ) I polypeptide E ( POLR1E ), α1‐antitrypsin ( SERPINA 1) and topoisomerase 2 A (TOP2A) were probed with antibodies validated by the H uman P rotein A tlas.Results Increased expressions of APOE , FGB and POLR1E were correlated with increased tumour stage ( P < 0.001). Expression of SERPINA1 in T a and T1 tumours was found to increase the risk of tumour progression (hazard ratio 2.57, 95% confidence interval 1.13–5.87; P = 0.025)Conclusions All proteins previously detected in urine from patients with bladder cancer were also expressed in bladder cancer tissue. The expression of APOE , FGB and POLR1E increased with stage and they are potential diagnostic markers. SERPINA1 was identified as a prognostic marker candidate.