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Non‐invasive evaluation of tumour hypoxia in the Shionogi tumour model for prostate cancer with 18 F‐EF5 and positron emission tomography
Author(s) -
Yapp Donald T.T.,
Woo Janet,
Kartono Aileen,
Sy Jonathan,
Oliver Thomas,
Skov Kirsten A.,
Koch Cameron J.,
Adomat Hans,
Dragowska Wieslawa H.,
Fadzli Ladan,
Ruth Thomas,
Adam Michael J.,
Green David,
Gleave Martin
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
bju international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.773
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1464-410X
pISSN - 1464-4096
DOI - 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2007.06761.x
Subject(s) - flow cytometry , hypoxia (environmental) , positron emission tomography , prostate cancer , chemistry , androgen , mammary gland , pathology , endocrinology , medicine , nuclear medicine , cancer , breast cancer , oxygen , immunology , hormone , organic chemistry
OBJECTIVE To evaluate hypoxia non‐invasively in androgen‐dependent (AD), regressing (6‐days after castration, RG) and androgen‐independent (AI) Shionogi tumours, using the radiolabelled tracer for hypoxia, 18 F‐EF5, and positron emission tomography (PET). MATERIALS AND METHODS Groups of mice bearing AD, RG and AI Shionogi tumours were co‐injected with 18 F‐EF5 and unlabelled EF5. The mice were imaged non‐invasively with PET to examine the accumulation of 18 F‐EF5 in hypoxic regions of the tumour. The tumours were subsequently placed in a γ‐counter, or disaggregated for flow cytometry, to determine the levels of 18 F‐EF5 and the percentage of hypoxic cells present in the tumour, respectively. RESULTS The mean ( sd ) levels of hypoxia in AD Shionogi tumours decreased significantly 6 days after androgen ablation as measured by flow cytometry, from 17.1 (4.77) to 1.74 (0.46)% ( P = 0.003). There were no significant differences in the levels of 18 F‐EF5 in the tissue between AD and RG tumours using region‐of‐interest analysis of PET images or γ‐counting, although the differences were significant when measured by flow cytometry. However, mean ( sd ) levels of hypoxia in AI Shionogi tumours were significantly higher than in AD tumours regardless of the analysis method; PET, 10.5 (4.93) × 10 −5 ) Bq/cm 2 ( P = 0.017), flow cytometry, 42.98 (3.35)% ( P < 0.001), well count, 6.81 (1.17) × 10 4 and 13.1 (1.99) × 10 4 cpm/g, for AD and AI tumours, respectively ( P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Differences in hypoxia between AD and AI, but not RG, Shionogi tumours can be detected non‐invasively with 18 F‐EF5 and PET. As prostate tumours are hypoxic and the oxygen levels can change with androgen ablation, noninvasive imaging of hypoxia with PET and 18 F‐EF5 might ultimately have a prognostic and/or diagnostic role in the clinical management of the disease.