Premium
Association of vitamin‐D receptor (Fok‐I) gene polymorphism with bladder cancer in an Indian population
Author(s) -
Mittal Rama D.,
Manchanda Parmeet K.,
Bhat Sanjay,
Bid Hemant K.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
bju international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.773
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1464-410X
pISSN - 1464-4096
DOI - 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2007.06657.x
Subject(s) - calcitriol receptor , bladder cancer , genotype , odds ratio , medicine , haplotype , gastroenterology , allele , confidence interval , oncology , vitamin d and neurology , cancer , genetics , gene , biology
OBJECTIVE To explore the association of vitamin‐D receptor (VDR) genotypes and haplotypes (variants at the Fok‐I, and Taq‐I sites) with the risk of bladder cancer, as vitamin D is antiproliferative and reported to induce apoptosis in human bladder tumour cells in vitro . PATIENTS, SUBJECTS AND METHODS A case‐control study using polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism was conducted in 130 patients with bladder cancer and 346 normal healthy individuals in a north Indian population. Patients were also categorized according to grade and stage of tumour. RESULTS There was a significant difference in genotype and allelic distribution of VDR (Fok‐I) polymorphism in the patients ( P = 0.033 and = 0.017, respectively). The FF genotype was associated with twice the risk for bladder cancer (odds ratio 2.042, 95% confidence interval, CI, 0.803–5.193). There was no significant difference in genotypic distribution or allelic frequencies of the VDR (Taq‐I) polymorphism ( P = 0.477 and 0.230) when compared with the controls. The stage and grade of the bladder tumours had no association with VDR (Fok‐I and Taq‐I) genotypes. There was a significant difference in the frequency distribution of the haplotypes FT and fT ( P < 0.001); these haplotypes had a protective effect in the control group (odds ratio 0.167, 95% CI 0.096–0.291, and 0.079, 0.038–0.164). CONCLUSION These data suggest that VDR (Fok‐I) polymorphism is associated with the risk of bladder cancer. Further, the results for the haplotype FT and fT indicate that patients with this haplotype have a lower risk of developing bladder cancer than those with other haplotypes.